Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Primary Treatment
3. Secondary Treatment
4. Tertiary Treatment
5. Advanced Treatment & New Frontier Technology Solutions
6. Conclusion
7. References

Introduction

The sewage treatment process is essential for maintaining public health and environmental integrity. This article outlines each stage, starting from primary treatment through to advanced solutions by New Frontier Technology, providing specific parameters and quantitative analysis where applicable.

Primary Treatment

Primary treatment involves the physical removal of solids from wastewater. This is achieved through sedimentation in large tanks where solids settle as sludge, which constitutes around 60% of suspended solids removal. Grease and oils are skimmed from the surface. Aeration and grit chambers also play vital roles.

Secondary Treatment

The secondary treatment process utilizes biological methods to decompose organic matter. Processes such as activated sludge rely on aerobic microorganisms to digest organic pollutants, achieving a Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) reduction of 85-90%. Trickling filters and rotating biological contactors also contribute to this phase.

Tertiary Treatment

Tertiary treatment offers further purification to remove remaining inorganic compounds, nutrients, and pathogens. Methods include filtration, nutrient removal (phosphorus and nitrogen), and chemical coagulation. Ultraviolet light and ozone are commonly employed for disinfection, ensuring pathogen elimination up to 99.9% efficacy.

Advanced Treatment & New Frontier Technology Solutions

Advanced treatment integrates cutting-edge technology for enhanced efficiency. New Frontier Technology provides solutions like membrane bioreactors (MBRs), achieving suspended solids removal to <0.1 microns, and forward osmosis systems reducing energy consumption by 30%.

• Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs)
• Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS)
• Granular Sludge Technologies
• Forward and reverse osmosis systems

These techniques significantly improve effluent quality, enhance nutrient recovery, and support water reuse initiatives, adhering to stringent environmental standards.

Conclusion

Sewage treatment is a multilayered process aimed at protecting water resources. Each treatment phase plays a critical role, with technological advancements by companies like New Frontier Technology significantly enhancing treatment efficacy and sustainability.

References

1. Metcalf & Eddy. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Resource Recovery. McGraw-Hill Education, 2013.
2. WEF, WERF. Membrane Bioreactors Factsheet, 2018.
3. Smith, P. G. Sewage Treatment Plants: Economic Evaluation of Innovative Technologies for Energy Efficiency. Springer, 2015.
4. New Frontier Technology Company Brochure, 2023.